Health and safety in the energy transition
Dirk Richling
The effects of the energy transition are clearly felt across all sectors of the energy industry. Requirements from both the political sphere and industry are driving profound changes designed to ensure a sustainable energy supply in the long term, not only in Germany but across Europe. This is accompanied by the expansion of renewable energies, the rapid growth of which presents numerous challenges. Increasingly complex technology, often combined with hard-to-reach locations, creates a demanding working environment that places the greatest strain on those who are tasked with implementing the energy transition and are at its very heart. It makes no difference where the energy is generated, whether on land or at sea.
Within this context, vgbe energy is increasingly focusing on developing new standards and updating existing ones in the field of occupational safety. The aim is to establish uniform rules and standards for the safe operation of power plants, thereby focusing on the core purpose of the technical association. The protection of human life is the top priority at every stage of the energy industry’s value chain.
Welcome address – vgbe Congress 2026
Dr. Georg Stamatelopoulos and Dr. Oliver Then
The energy sector is undergoing a period of fundamental change. The expansion of renewable energies has progressed further and is placing new demands on grids and storage facilities. At the same time, industry, the heating sector and mobility are set to become increasingly electrified. And all this against a backdrop of ongoing geopolitical tensions, cyber threats and new dependencies – challenges that we must take into account from the very outset as we transform our energy supply.
The vgbe Congress 2026 is therefore themed ‘Security and resilience of power generation’. A resilient energy system must be able to withstand disruptions from both internal and external sources, adapt to changing conditions and remain capable of functioning even under heavy strain. This requires robust technology and effective protective measures, as well as clear responsibilities and a reliable regulatory framework.
Climate-neutral industrial sites: technological strategies for flexible, market-driven and low-carbon energy systems
Klaus Görner, Margit Thomeczek, Carsten Kolligs, Simon Wenzel, Rocco Altieri, Torsten Buddenberg, Tobias Hirsch, Steffen Klöppel and Jana Stengler
OT-security in substation automation: Effective attack detection
Frank Stummer
Substations and substation automation systems are regarded as robust and durable. It is precisely this that makes them a vulnerability today: devices with lifecycles of 20 to 30 years communicate via protocols that were designed without authentication or encryption, yet are now connected to the outside world via remote maintenance access points and control system interfaces. Real-world incidents, in which attacks were detected early and thwarted through monitoring, demonstrate that the security gap can be closed.
Convergence of IT/OT and cyber security: How organisations can reconcile regulatory requirements, risks and reality in operational technology
John-Erik Horn
The convergence of IT and OT in the context of cyber security presents organisations with new challenges. This article analyses practical solutions through the implementation of the IEC 62443 standard, in particular the Purdue model for network segmentation, network detection and the use of secure remote maintenance. It also examines the role of the Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) as a critical stakeholder within the organisation. A specific practical example from the energy sector demonstrates how standardisation and certification can measurably improve security and how synergies between compliance requirements can be harnessed.
The stability of OT network traffic as the basis for effective anomaly detection in industrial control systems
Asya Mitseva, Marco Lewandowsky and Andriy Panchenko
Contribution to system stability – Preventing unintended shutdown of steam turbines during overfrequency
Martin Bennauer, Johannes Lips, Hendrik Lens, David Maier, Philipp Priwitzer, Steffen Flieger and Joachim Lehner
A reverse power protection function is typically implemented in the unit protection system of steam power plants. However, reverse power protection may also operate unintentionally during major overfrequency disturbances. If the grid frequency rises above 50.2 Hz, for example after a system split, turbine power is reduced according to LFSM-O requirements. Although active power must decrease, power plants should remain connected to the grid. Simulation studies were used to identify critical conditions and develop countermeasures, which were implemented and optimized at the Altbach/Deizisau power plant. Successful overfrequency tests in March 2025 demonstrated compliance with current grid connection requirements.
Large-scale heat pump – integration at power station sites from the perspective of the master planner – Case study: WPA2 at the Grosskraftwerk Mannheim
Olaf Thun
Large-scale heat pumps are regarded as a key technology for the decarbonisation of district heating. At existing power station sites, however, it is not the heat pump alone that determines the success of a project, but above all its safe and reliable integration into existing technical systems. The WPA2 project at the Mannheim large-scale power station serves as a prime example of how river water, district heating, electrical connections, control systems, safety, availability, construction and commissioning must be brought together to form a coordinated overall system.
Commissioning and operation for first of its kind large steam generating heat pump under commercial conditions
Rocco Altieri and Paolo Lazzarini
From electrolysis to salt caverns: measurement technology for a safe hydrogen economy
Jens Hundrieser
The BEW decommissioning project Lichterfelde is actively driving forward Berlin’s heating transition
Sascha Urban and Dustin Fitzner
A network for health and safety – vgbe energy as a centre of expertise for occupational health and safety in energy companies
Lukas Biesen and Gregor Lipinski
Reliable energy generation has always depended not only on technical performance but also on the safe operation of complex industrial systems. For this reason, occupational safety and health have long been central issues in the energy sector. The Health & Safety division plays a particularly important interdisciplinary role within the activities of vgbe energy.
Periodic inspections – Guidance and practical experience
Patrick Kozlowski, Stephanie Tappe and Marcel Koch
Regular HAZOP reviews to maintain ongoing machinery safety – IEC 61508 Requirements
Wilfried Blotenberg
On January 20, 2027, the new EU Machinery Regulation 2023/1230 will come into force in all member states and fully replace the previous Machinery Directive 2006/42/EC. The regulation stipulates that machinery must be designed in such a way that it does not pose risks to persons or the environment that exceed generally accepted levels. The IEC 61508 standard is the most widely used basis for functional safety.
Extended heat utilization of the flue gas after the boiler – Causes of corrosion and possible countermeasures
Marie Kaiser, Werner Schmidl and Gabriele Magel
Recent developments in power plant technology indicate that flue gas energy will increasingly be utilized at the cold end of the boiler, resulting in lower flue gas temperatures. This article examines changes in flue gas composition downstream of the boiler for different fuels and plant configurations. It provides an overview of relevant corrosive species, practical examples, and available material protection measures. Finally, possible options for reducing flue gas temperatures in existing plants are assessed.
Editorial
Dipl.-Ing. Dirk Richling
Safety Engineer
EnBW Energie Baden-Württemberg AG
Karlsruhe, Germany
Chair of the vgbe committees “Occupational Health and Safety” and “Wind Health & Safety”
Health and safety in the energy transition
Dear readers of the vgbe energy journal,
The effects of the energy transition are clearly felt across all sectors of the energy industry. Requirements from both the political sphere and industry are driving profound changes designed to ensure a sustainable energy supply in the long term, not only in Germany but across Europe. This is accompanied by the expansion of renewable energies, the rapid growth of which presents numerous challenges. Increasingly complex technology, often combined with hard-to-reach locations, creates a demanding working environment that places the greatest strain on those who are tasked with implementing the energy transition and are at its very heart. It makes no difference where the energy is generated, whether on land or at sea.
Within this context, vgbe energy is increasingly focusing on developing new standards and updating existing ones in the field of occupational safety. The aim is to establish uniform rules and standards for the safe operation of power plants, thereby focusing on the core purpose of the technical association. The protection of human life is the top priority at every stage of the energy industry’s value chain.
Fundamentally, issues such as the rescue chain play a central role here. Operators are obliged to draw up suitable rescue plans to ensure the safety of workers in case of emergency. Depending on the workplace, ensuring medical care can involve considerable planning effort. In particular, when working on wind turbines, rescuing employees in emergencies is difficult due to the work being carried out at great heights and in confined spaces. In this context, the training of staff who work on wind turbines is also very important. Their qualifications must be continuously developed and ensured in order to keep pace with developments in the industry. Establishing minimum training standards for the entire industry is therefore essential.
However, occupational safety is undergoing a transformation not only due to the demands of the energy transition, but also as a result of the technological advancements of recent years. The use of drones and multicopters has become an increasingly important component of occupational safety. Drones enable inspections at power stations and wind turbines (onshore and offshore) that previously involved considerable risk. These risks can be reduced through the targeted use of unmanned systems. At the same time, the use of new technologies raises new questions that occupational safety must address.
The requirements for drone operation, such as the suitability of remote pilots and the necessary checks prior to operation, must be clearly regulated to ensure their safe use. It is also recommended that a standard for working with drones, in the form of drone operating procedures, be established.
All the topics mentioned here form part of vgbe energy’s committee work and will in future be addressed by the newly established WG Wind “Health & Safety”. This committee brings together experts specialising in occupational health & safety and environmental protection from operators, manufacturers, suppliers and service providers. The diverse composition of the committee is also its great strength. It enables challenges to be viewed from different perspectives and practical solutions to be developed.
The energy transition can only be successfully achieved if occupational health and safety is viewed and practised as a key component of this process. The adaptation of existing concepts to current developments by health and safety experts in the relevant field is just as important here as the integration of new technologies and scientific findings. This makes it all the more important for energy plant and grid operators, manufacturers, service providers and public authorities to work together to keep pace with the expansion and to pursue a common strategy on key occupational health and safety issues.