Skip to content

Issue 8-2026

Health and safety in the energy transition

Dirk Richling

The effects of the energy transition are clearly felt across all sectors of the energy industry. Requirements from both the political sphere and industry are driving profound changes designed to ensure a sustainable energy supply in the long term, not only in Germany but across Europe. This is accompanied by the expansion of renewable energies, the rapid growth of which presents numerous challenges. Increasingly complex technology, often combined with hard-to-reach locations, creates a demanding working environment that places the greatest strain on those who are tasked with implementing the energy transition and are at its very heart. It makes no difference where the energy is generated, whether on land or at sea.

Within this context, vgbe energy is increasingly focusing on developing new standards and updating existing ones in the field of occupational safety. The aim is to establish uniform rules and standards for the safe operation of power plants, thereby focusing on the core purpose of the technical association. The protection of human life is the top priority at every stage of the energy industry’s value chain.

[more…]

Welcome address – vgbe Congress 2026

Dr. Georg Stamatelopoulos and Dr. Oliver Then

The energy sector is undergoing a period of fundamental change. The expansion of renewable energies has progressed further and is placing new demands on grids and storage facilities. At the same time, industry, the heating sector and mobility are set to become increasingly electrified. And all this against a backdrop of ongoing geopolitical tensions, cyber threats and new dependencies – challenges that we must take into account from the very outset as we transform our energy supply.

The vgbe Congress 2026 is therefore themed ‘Security and resilience of power generation’. A resilient energy system must be able to withstand disruptions from both internal and external sources, adapt to changing conditions and remain capable of functioning even under heavy strain. This requires robust technology and effective protective measures, as well as clear responsibilities and a reliable regulatory framework.

Download article [0.5 MB]

Climate-neutral industrial sites: technological strategies for flexible, market-driven and low-carbon energy systems

Klaus Görner, Margit Thomeczek, Carsten Kolligs, Simon Wenzel, Rocco Altieri, Torsten Buddenberg, Tobias Hirsch, Steffen Klöppel and Jana Stengler

Industrial process sites and chemical parks such as Marl Chemical Park are internationally competitive, particularly with regard to energy and feedstock prices. At the same time, the transformation towards sustainable industrial sites must be achieved in line with the European Union’s climate targets. Even today, a wide range of technologies enables the use of fossil fuels with reduced emissions and the optimum integration of fluctuating renewable energy sources. Further innovative and disruptive technological developments will be required to achieve the complete decarbonisation of sites such as Marl Chemical Park by the mid-2040s.

OT-security in substation automation: Effective attack detection

Frank Stummer

Substations and substation automation systems are regarded as robust and durable. It is precisely this that makes them a vulnerability today: devices with lifecycles of 20 to 30 years communicate via protocols that were designed without authentication or encryption, yet are now connected to the outside world via remote maintenance access points and control system interfaces. Real-world incidents, in which attacks were detected early and thwarted through monitoring, demonstrate that the security gap can be closed.

Convergence of IT/OT and cyber security: How organisations can reconcile regulatory requirements, risks and reality in operational technology

John-Erik Horn

The convergence of IT and OT in the context of cyber security presents organisations with new challenges. This article analyses practical solutions through the implementation of the IEC 62443 standard, in particular the Purdue model for network segmentation, network detection and the use of secure remote maintenance. It also examines the role of the Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) as a critical stakeholder within the organisation. A specific practical example from the energy sector demonstrates how standardisation and certification can measurably improve security and how synergies between compliance requirements can be harnessed.

Download article [0.5 MB]

The stability of OT network traffic as the basis for effective anomaly detection in industrial control systems

Asya Mitseva, Marco Lewandowsky and Andriy Panchenko

The increasing connectivity of industrial control systems to external networks makes them vulnerable to cyber attacks. Therefore, a major line of research focuses on the development of industrial intrusion detection systems (IIDS), particularly designed to detect anomalies in normal system operation. In contrast to previous, complex, and protocol-dependent methods for characterizing network traffic of industrial control systems, this work proposes simple, easy-to-implement, and effective rules.

Contribution to system stability – Preventing unintended shutdown of steam turbines during overfrequency

Martin Bennauer, Johannes Lips, Hendrik Lens, David Maier, Philipp Priwitzer, Steffen Flieger and Joachim Lehner

A reverse power protection function is typically implemented in the unit protection system of steam power plants. However, reverse power protection may also operate unintentionally during major overfrequency disturbances. If the grid frequency rises above 50.2 Hz, for example after a system split, turbine power is reduced according to LFSM-O requirements. Although active power must decrease, power plants should remain connected to the grid. Simulation studies were used to identify critical conditions and develop countermeasures, which were implemented and optimized at the Altbach/Deizisau power plant. Successful overfrequency tests in March 2025 demonstrated compliance with current grid connection requirements.

Download [1.0 MB]

Large-scale heat pump – integration at power station sites from the perspective of the master planner – Case study: WPA2 at the Grosskraftwerk Mannheim

Olaf Thun

Large-scale heat pumps are regarded as a key technology for the decarbonisation of district heating. At existing power station sites, however, it is not the heat pump alone that determines the success of a project, but above all its safe and reliable integration into existing technical systems. The WPA2 project at the Mannheim large-scale power station serves as a prime example of how river water, district heating, electrical connections, control systems, safety, availability, construction and commissioning must be brought together to form a coordinated overall system.

Commissioning and operation for first of its kind large steam generating heat pump under commercial conditions

Rocco Altieri and Paolo Lazzarini

High-temperature heat pumps (HTHPs) for generating process steam are becoming increasingly important in industry. Against this backdrop, the project implemented by Turboden for the delfort Group holds a special place. The plant is the first of its kind to combine a large-scale hydrocarbon heat pump with a steam compressor in a series configuration, delivering 12 MW of thermal output in the form of high-quality process steam. Following commissioning in the summer of 2025, extensive operational data will enable a robust evaluation under real-world conditions.

From electrolysis to salt caverns: measurement technology for a safe hydrogen economy

Jens Hundrieser

Green hydrogen is regarded as a key pillar of a climate-neutral energy supply and, within the context of power-to-gas, links renewable electricity generation with industrial use, storage and future hydrogen networks. As the hydrogen economy develops, the demands placed on measurement and automation technology along the entire value chain are increasing. From water treatment and electrolysis, through storage in salt caverns, to grid injection, precise measurement methods and analytical solutions are required to continuously monitor process parameters, gas quality and material flows.

The BEW decommissioning project Lichterfelde is actively driving forward Berlin’s heating transition

Sascha Urban and Dustin Fitzner

The “Lichterfelde Decommissioning” project by BEW Berliner Energie und Wärme (BEW) demonstrates how a historic energy site is being transformed into a key component of Berlin’s future climate-neutral heat supply. Between 2010 and 2019, a modern combined heat and power plant was built, comprising hot water generators, a district heating pump station and a combined cycle gas turbine (CCGT) plant. Since August 2023, obsolete plant no longer required has been systematically decommissioned, making way for the next stages of the heating transition.

A network for health and safety – vgbe energy as a centre of expertise for occupational health and safety in energy companies

Lukas Biesen and Gregor Lipinski

Reliable energy generation has always depended not only on technical performance but also on the safe operation of complex industrial systems. For this reason, occupational safety and health have long been central issues in the energy sector. The Health & Safety division plays a particularly important interdisciplinary role within the activities of vgbe energy.

Download [1.0 MB]

Periodic inspections – Guidance and practical experience

Patrick Kozlowski, Stephanie Tappe and Marcel Koch

Periodic inspections of work equipment and installations requiring monitoring are a fundamental part of maintaining the safety and cost-effectiveness of commercially used installations. Periodic inspections are not an end in themselves, as they are required by various legal frameworks. This article discusses the fundamental requirements under the Industrial Safety Regulation (BetrSichV) and the Act on Installations Requiring Monitoring (ÜAnlG).

Regular HAZOP reviews to maintain ongoing machinery safety – IEC 61508 Requirements

Wilfried Blotenberg

On January 20, 2027, the new EU Machinery Regulation 2023/1230 will come into force in all member states and fully replace the previous Machinery Directive 2006/42/EC. The regulation stipulates that machinery must be designed in such a way that it does not pose risks to persons or the environment that exceed generally accepted levels. The IEC 61508 standard is the most widely used basis for functional safety.

Extended heat utilization of the flue gas after the boiler – Causes of corrosion and possible countermeasures

Marie Kaiser, Werner Schmidl and Gabriele Magel

Recent developments in power plant technology indicate that flue gas energy will increasingly be utilized at the cold end of the boiler, resulting in lower flue gas temperatures. This article examines changes in flue gas composition downstream of the boiler for different fuels and plant configurations. It provides an overview of relevant corrosive species, practical examples, and available material protection measures. Finally, possible options for reducing flue gas temperatures in existing plants are assessed.

Editorial

RICHLING

Dipl.-Ing. Dirk Richling

Safety Engineer
EnBW Energie Baden-Württemberg AG
Karlsruhe, Germany
Chair of the vgbe committees “Occupational Health and Safety” and “Wind Health & Safety”

Health and safety in the energy transition

Dear readers of the vgbe energy journal,

The effects of the energy transition are clearly felt across all sectors of the energy industry. Requirements from both the political sphere and industry are driving profound changes designed to ensure a sustainable energy supply in the long term, not only in Germany but across Europe. This is accompanied by the expansion of renewable energies, the rapid growth of which presents numerous challenges. Increasingly complex technology, often combined with hard-to-reach locations, creates a demanding working environment that places the greatest strain on those who are tasked with implementing the energy transition and are at its very heart. It makes no difference where the energy is generated, whether on land or at sea.

Within this context, vgbe energy is increasingly focusing on developing new standards and updating existing ones in the field of occupational safety. The aim is to establish uniform rules and standards for the safe operation of power plants, thereby focusing on the core purpose of the technical association. The protection of human life is the top priority at every stage of the energy industry’s value chain.

Fundamentally, issues such as the rescue chain play a central role here. Operators are obliged to draw up suitable rescue plans to ensure the safety of workers in case of emergency. Depending on the workplace, ensuring medical care can involve considerable planning effort. In particular, when working on wind turbines, rescuing employees in emergencies is difficult due to the work being carried out at great heights and in confined spaces. In this context, the training of staff who work on wind turbines is also very important. Their qualifications must be continuously developed and ensured in order to keep pace with developments in the industry. Establishing minimum training standards for the entire industry is therefore essential.

However, occupational safety is undergoing a transformation not only due to the demands of the energy transition, but also as a result of the technological advancements of recent years. The use of drones and multicopters has become an increasingly important component of occupational safety. Drones enable inspections at power stations and wind turbines (onshore and offshore) that previously involved considerable risk. These risks can be reduced through the targeted use of unmanned systems. At the same time, the use of new technologies raises new questions that occupational safety must address.

The requirements for drone operation, such as the suitability of remote pilots and the necessary checks prior to operation, must be clearly regulated to ensure their safe use. It is also recommended that a standard for working with drones, in the form of drone operating procedures, be established.

All the topics mentioned here form part of vgbe energy’s committee work and will in future be addressed by the newly established WG Wind “Health & Safety”. This committee brings together experts specialising in occupational health & safety and environmental protection from operators, manufacturers, suppliers and service providers. The diverse composition of the committee is also its great strength. It enables challenges to be viewed from different perspectives and practical solutions to be developed.

The energy transition can only be successfully achieved if occupational health and safety is viewed and practised as a key component of this process. The adaptation of existing concepts to current developments by health and safety experts in the relevant field is just as important here as the integration of new technologies and scientific findings. This makes it all the more important for energy plant and grid operators, manufacturers, service providers and public authorities to work together to keep pace with the expansion and to pursue a common strategy on key occupational health and safety issues.