{"id":36187,"date":"2026-03-19T11:55:44","date_gmt":"2026-03-19T10:55:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.vgbe.energy\/pt-journal\/issue-3-2026\/"},"modified":"2026-03-20T20:46:30","modified_gmt":"2026-03-20T19:46:30","slug":"issue-3-2026","status":"publish","type":"pt-journal","link":"https:\/\/www.vgbe.energy\/en\/pt-journal\/issue-3-2026\/","title":{"rendered":"Issue 3-2026"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"36187\" class=\"elementor elementor-36187 elementor-36172\" data-elementor-post-type=\"pt-journal\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b44c4bd elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b44c4bd\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;67a3195&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_tablet&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_mobile&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_speed&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:50,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_type&quot;:&quot;scroll&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_direction&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_fx_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_z_index&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_animation_prop&quot;:&quot;transform&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_on&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;]}]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9dadf3c\" data-id=\"9dadf3c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f973c2f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f973c2f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Power plant chemistry \u2013 A cornerstone of the vgbe for over 100 years<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-683d241 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"683d241\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Michael Rziha<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f4bcc0e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f4bcc0e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>It is an honor and pleasure for me to be able to write this editorial, especially because power plant chemistry has always been my passion.<\/p><p>During the founding period of the vgbe in the 1920s, the importance and necessity of power plant chemistry was already recognized and promoted accordingly, so that as early as 1925 the first manual for feedwater care (\u201cPreliminary Material and Manufacturer Regulations\u201d) was published.<\/p><p>In these past 100 years, members of the vgbe have continuously developed all areas of power plant chemistry in a scientifically sound and innovative way. The vgbe has been and continues to be a global lighthouse in all areas of power plant chemistry. Numerous vgbe standards, technical information sheets and much more have been created jointly in the respective working groups, initiated by the Technical Committee Chemistry and Emission Control and its predecessors, with great success and worldwide resonance.<\/p><p><a class=\"storyLink\" title=\"Editorial Issue 1-2\/2026\" href=\"#editorial326\">[more&#8230;]<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-99cca89\" data-id=\"99cca89\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-55e904e elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"55e904e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.vgbe.energy\/en\/vgbe-energy-journal\/#abo\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"1086\" src=\"https:\/\/www.vgbe.energy\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/vgbe-ej-2026-03_990-768x1086.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-36174\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.vgbe.energy\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/vgbe-ej-2026-03_990-768x1086.png 768w, https:\/\/www.vgbe.energy\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/vgbe-ej-2026-03_990-212x300.png 212w, https:\/\/www.vgbe.energy\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/vgbe-ej-2026-03_990-724x1024.png 724w, https:\/\/www.vgbe.energy\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/vgbe-ej-2026-03_990.png 990w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0d2bc7e elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"0d2bc7e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.vgbe.energy\/en\/vgbe-energy-journal\/#abo\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-angle-double-right\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Subscribe to our vgbe energy journal!<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/shop.vgbe.energy\/fachzeitschrift.html\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-angle-double-right\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">In our Online Shop you can order individual issues.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3a44206 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3a44206\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;9d64f73&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_tablet&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_mobile&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_speed&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:50,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_type&quot;:&quot;scroll&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_direction&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_fx_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_z_index&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_animation_prop&quot;:&quot;transform&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_on&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;]}]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-14070c4\" data-id=\"14070c4\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6fe887e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6fe887e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Considering critical raw materials in energy systems optimal design<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-38283ea elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"38283ea\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Maurizio Cellura, Quyen Le Luu, Sonia Longo, Francesco Montana and Eleonora Riva Sanseverino<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b89d381 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b89d381\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>This report is a concise, policy- and decision-oriented overview of how Critical Raw Materials (CRMs) shape the design, planning, and operation of low-carbon energy systems. It distils the state-of-the-art review of CRM use, supply risks, and indicators; and a multi-objective optimization framework that jointly minimizes annual costs, annualized carbon emissions, and embodied CRM content, with an application to the island of Sicily in Italy. The study outlines that CRM constraints materially change optimal technology mixes and that minimizing cost or emissions alone can increase CRM dependency. Finally, explicit CRM thresholds enable transparent trade-offs between cost, carbon, and material resilience.   <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8d27e50 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8d27e50\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Wastewater treatment for amine-based CO<sub>2<\/sub> capture \u2013 Concept development based on tests with real wastewater<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ebbfeef elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ebbfeef\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Josef Beckmann, Gabriele B\u00f6hm, Peter Moser, Georg Wiechers, Reiner Brambach and Tobias Blach<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ddbdc09 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ddbdc09\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In line with the ambitious European and international climate targets, the German Climate Protection Act stipulates that in Germany climate neutrality must be achieved by 2045. Without the cross-sector use of CO2 capture from exhaust gases and geological storage, as well as the utilisation of the captured CO2, it will be almost impossible to achieve the climate protection targets in Germany, Europe and worldwide. RWE is examining the feasibility of amine-solvent-based capture plants for its plants in Germany, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom that combust biomass or biogenic residues and waste materials. RWE and EnviroChemie have jointly investigated wastewater treatment using real samples from RWE\u2019s capture pilot plant at Niederaussem.   <\/p><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.vgbe.energy\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/vgbe-ej-2026-03-029-037-BECKMANN-QHD-RGB-PROMO-1134.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Download [1.1 MB]<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6cc9590 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6cc9590\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Diagnosis and remediation of performance issues in a demineralisation ion exchange system: A case study on polymer fouling and calcium leakage<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e20d05e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e20d05e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Sidwell Muthavhine<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ef9a4fe elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ef9a4fe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tThe study investigates unexpected performance degradation in a demineralisation ion exchange system, characterised by high sodium leakage, elevated conductivity, and calcium breakthrough in cation and anion outlets. This investigation highlights the necessity of stringent polymer dosing control in pre-treatment processes to prevent resin fouling. It also emphasises systematic troubleshooting combining operational data, resin analysis, and ion exchange theory to diagnose and resolve demineralisation plant performance issues.  \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ec2d5f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3ec2d5f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Biocide-free cooling water treatment with functional microorganisms \u2013 A paradigm shift for the energy and process industry<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5c48f24 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5c48f24\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Lars Havighorst\n<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f23c751 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f23c751\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tIndustrial cooling water systems across all sectors face similar challenges: biofilm formation, Legionella risk, corrosion, and declining heat transfer efficiency. The conventional response \u2013 chemical biocides \u2013 increasingly creates regulatory, ecological, and economic tensions. This paper presents an alternative treatment approach based on functional microorganisms, bio-based inhibitors, and data-driven process control. A documented case study from the chemical industry demonstrates a 27.6 % increase in steam turbine performance and a 29.3 % increase in live steam output, while maintaining Legionella levels below the guideline value of the 42nd BImSchV and completely eliminating biocide use. Additionally, regulatory drivers and the \u201cTrue Cost of Water\u201d are analysed.    \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-76c1e63 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"76c1e63\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Control of mercury in flue gas emissions from coal fired plants with Mercontrol technology<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cd33a5e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cd33a5e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Lukas Pilar and Lionel Barr\u00e9<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-76a90c3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"76a90c3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>To be compliant with the Industrial Emissions Directive (IED) (Directive 2010\/75\/EU) or aligned with sustainability objectives, large combustion plants are using Best Available Techniques (BAT) or innovative solutions to reduce mercury concentration in their gas emissions. Nalco Water has developed an innovative chemistry solution to improve mercury retention in the liquid phase at wet flue gas desulfurization plants, achieving efficient and cost-effective compliance with emissions limits. This chemistry has several advantages compared to typical commodities, including better efficiency on mercury capture and a better environmental safety profile.  <\/p><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.vgbe.energy\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/vgbe-ej-2026-03-052-056-BARRE-QHD-RGB-PROMO-1134.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Download [1.0 MB]<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c1baf55 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c1baf55\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Application of film-forming amines for corrosion control in electrode boilers<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-318dd60 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"318dd60\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ronny Wagner<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e2f8e0c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e2f8e0c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Electrode boilers are increasingly applied in industrial steam generation and district heating to support flexible, low-carbon energy systems. Unlike conventional boilers, their operating principle relies on water as both a thermal medium and an electrical conductor. This dual function places specific demands on water chemistry and fundamentally alters corrosion mechanisms. Based on documented operating experience in industrial steam generation and district heating systems, it outlines how film-forming amines can be integrated into electrode boiler water chemistry concepts to reduce iron transport, mitigate standstill corrosion, and stabilize operation without impairing electrical performance. After reading this article, the reader will understand the technical background, boundary conditions, monitoring requirements, and practical implementation steps relevant to corrosion control in electrode boilers.   <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ab87b6e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ab87b6e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Will ammonia combustion lead to an environmentally friendly future? A case study of a 300 kW experiment \n\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-114b10b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"114b10b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Johannes Burkert, Marcel Biebl, Bernd Feller and Christopher Rosebrock<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d86d4fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d86d4fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tReducing climate-damaging exhaust emissions poses ever-growing challenges for industrial heat generation. In order to reduce or even completely avoid CO2 emissions from industrial plants in the future, alternative fuels from renewable sources are necessary. As a CO2-free energy source, ammonia is therefore increasingly coming into focus, especially with regard to its potential as a hydrogen storage and carrier. As part of the joint research project \u2018Green-NH3\u2019 by the Gas und W\u00e4rme-Institut Essen e.V. (GWI) and SAACKE GmbH, the potential of ammonia as a fossil fuel substitute for use in steam and hot water boilers is to be investigated. This article presents the initial results of ammonia combustion on a semi-industrial scale, focusing on the resulting exhaust emissions and primary reduction measures.    \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7cf357e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7cf357e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Green hydrogen vs. green methane: Production and transport\n\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c5e123f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c5e123f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Konrad Vogeler<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-59c72c1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"59c72c1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tThe presented work is the result of a rigorous analysis and comparison of the energy costs for producing and transporting green hydrogen and green methane. It is assumed that Europe has to import green energy from overseas and for the purpose of this article that the only choice is between hydrogen and methane. The aim of this study is to compare the thermodynamic costs of producing and transporting power (= energy \/ time). \u201cCost\u201d is defined as the energy required for producing and distributing the substitute fuels using green electricity. The ultimate objective is to present realistic numbers for the energy needed in order to realize each step and hence for the complete supply chain from green electricity somewhere in the world to gaseous hydrogen \/ methane in Europe.    \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8be4345 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8be4345\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">FSRUs increasingly support global LNG expansion by connecting supply and demand\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3d35766 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3d35766\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">GECF Gas Exporting Countries Forum\n<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1ca3770 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1ca3770\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Between 2026 and 2030, the global LNG market is poised for significant growth, with 235 Mtpa of new liquefaction capacity expected to come online, adding to the existing 551 Mtpa. This expansion will enhance the liquidity and responsiveness of global energy markets, providing a strong foundation for sustained growth in global LNG trade. Successfully absorbing these volumes will depend on robust demand from mature and emerging markets and the continued expansion of gas use in the power and industrial sectors as a reliable, low-carbon energy source.To bridge the new supply with global gas consumption centers, regasification infrastructure must scale proportionally.   <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-94fa7a3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"94fa7a3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-df2811c elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-stretched bg-energyfield-fixed neutral elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-items-middle\" data-id=\"df2811c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[],&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5cea6f1\" data-id=\"5cea6f1\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5e6088b elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"5e6088b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"editorial326\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-bbf05be elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"bbf05be\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;e5cb45c&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_tablet&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_mobile&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_speed&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:50,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_type&quot;:&quot;scroll&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_direction&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_fx_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_z_index&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_animation_prop&quot;:&quot;transform&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_on&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;]}]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-3616cee\" data-id=\"3616cee\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-7ee0296\" data-id=\"7ee0296\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d4c4746 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d4c4746\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Editorial<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-90e591e\" data-id=\"90e591e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d7d7afc elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d7d7afc\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-wider\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f7e7ba9\" data-id=\"f7e7ba9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4610d06 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4610d06\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.vgbe.energy\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/Rziha_640-960-rkqfex45ajkdsx9xldzw7p3jb9tpvh9cuc9zzi0txc.jpg\" title=\"Rziha_640-960\" alt=\"Rziha_640-960\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-982f0d3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"982f0d3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Michael Rziha<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0c5aaa5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0c5aaa5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Chief Key Expert <br>Power Plant Chemistry<br>PPCHEM AG, Hinwil, Schweiz<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d0c579f\" data-id=\"d0c579f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f892902 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f892902\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Power plant chemistry \u2013 A cornerstone of the vgbe for over 100 years<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2b4fd0e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2b4fd0e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Dear readers of the vgbe energy journal,<\/p><p>It is an honor and pleasure for me to be able to write this editorial, especially because power plant chemistry has always been my passion. <\/p><p>During the founding period of the vgbe in the 1920s, the importance and necessity of power plant chemistry was already recognized and promoted accordingly, so that as early as 1925 the first manual for feedwater care (\u201cPreliminary Material and Manufacturer Regulations\u201d) was published. <\/p><p>In these past 100 years, members of the vgbe have continuously developed all areas of power plant chemistry in a scientifically sound and innovative way. The vgbe has been and continues to be a global lighthouse in all areas of power plant chemistry. Numerous vgbe standards, technical information sheets and much more have been created jointly in the respective working groups, initiated by the Technical Committee Chemistry and Emission Control and its predecessors, with great success and worldwide resonance.<\/p><p>Numerous vgbe standards, technical information sheets and much more have been created jointly in the respective working groups, initiated by the Technical Committee Chemistry and Emission Control and its predecessors, with great success and worldwide resonance. In the past, the success has been very impressive, as reflected in, among other things, considerable economic benefits, such as annual cost savings through optimal chemistry and a significant reduction in chemical-related damage.  <\/p><p>Thanks to this outstanding and intensive work by all those involved, we now have an excellent knowledge base. However, this must be maintained and further developed. We cannot and must not simply stop at power plant chemistry, but must absolutely keep pace with technical developments and the challenges arising from them. Likewise, we must not allow this valuable knowledge to be forgotten and no longer passed on.  <\/p><p>Unfortunately, however, it can be observed in this context that the great successes of power plant chemistry achieved in the past are increasingly diminishing and the number of chemically induced damages has risen again, with correspondingly high economic consequences. A major cause is the progressive loss of know-how and expert knowledge.  <\/p><p>As we know from the past, this expertise can be developed and built upon very successfully, especially through the unique committee work of the vgbe. However, this will only work if we counteract the current dramatic loss of experts in this field by promoting young talent and rekindling young people\u2019s enthusiasm for this exciting and important topic, while also offering them career prospects. However, the responsible managers must also give these young people the opportunity to actively take part in this committee work and enable them to participate in specialist conferences, such as the chemistry conference of the vgbe. These are definitely the wrong places for potential savings or budget cuts.    <\/p><p>You don\u2019t become a power plant chemist overnight; it\u2019s a lengthy process, and power plant chemistry is not a \u201ccommodity\u201d that you can \u201coutsource\u201d at will or simply buy when needed. It takes a lot of experience, as well as specific knowledge of the plants and an understanding of the processes that take place within them.   <\/p><p>In my opinion, the following quote from the founding period 95 years ago is interesting and very worth mentioning in this context: <\/p><p>Robert Stumper: \u201cThe challenges that the feed water poses for the scientists and technicians are by no means solely chemical in nature. Chemistry, mechanical engineering, materials science and thermodynamics are all intertwined in our field.\u201d<\/p><p>These statements are essential and remain valid without restriction, because power plant chemistry is not limited to pure laboratory and measurement activities. The power plant chemical processes are sometimes highly complex and only with a sufficient understanding and knowledge of the different processes, together with representative and correct measurement data and its evaluation, can a correct diagnosis be made and, ultimately, safe and, above all, economical operation be achieved.  <\/p><p>We must therefore urgently ensure that we have qualified young talent and foster it! Do not allow this valuable treasure trove of knowledge to be sacrificed on the altar of senseless cost-cutting. Power plant chemistry will certainly still be needed for the next 100 years.  <\/p><p>With this in mind, I would like to quote my friend and very highly esteemed colleague Prof. Dr.-Ing. Herwig Maier, long-time chairman of the Technical Committee Chemistry of the vgbe:<\/p><p>\u201cNot everything is chemistry, but without chemistry, everything is nothing!\u201d<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Chemistry in energy Generation and storage<br \/>\nWastewater treatment for amine-based CO2 capture<br \/>\nDiagnosis and remediation of performance issues in a demineralisationion exchange System<br \/>\nWill ammonia combustion lead to an environmentally friendly future?<br \/>\nConsidering critical raw materials in Energy systems optimal design<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":36174,"template":"","class_list":["post-36187","pt-journal","type-pt-journal","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vgbe.energy\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pt-journal\/36187","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vgbe.energy\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pt-journal"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vgbe.energy\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/pt-journal"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/www.vgbe.energy\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pt-journal\/36187\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":36214,"href":"https:\/\/www.vgbe.energy\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pt-journal\/36187\/revisions\/36214"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vgbe.energy\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/36174"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vgbe.energy\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=36187"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}