{"id":36710,"date":"2026-05-26T12:50:33","date_gmt":"2026-05-26T10:50:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.vgbe.energy\/pt-journal\/issue-5-2026\/"},"modified":"2026-05-26T12:52:36","modified_gmt":"2026-05-26T10:52:36","slug":"issue-5-2026","status":"publish","type":"pt-journal","link":"https:\/\/www.vgbe.energy\/en\/pt-journal\/issue-5-2026\/","title":{"rendered":"Issue 5-2026"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"36710\" class=\"elementor elementor-36710 elementor-36692\" data-elementor-post-type=\"pt-journal\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a1005e3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a1005e3\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;67a3195&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_tablet&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_mobile&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_speed&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:50,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_type&quot;:&quot;scroll&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_direction&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_fx_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_z_index&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_animation_prop&quot;:&quot;transform&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_on&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;]}]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-afe3a5f\" data-id=\"afe3a5f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f2a6955 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f2a6955\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Nuclear power plants as pioneers for Germany\u2019s first fusion power plant<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c52016 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3c52016\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Dr Cord-Henrich Lefhalm<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-14512fe elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"14512fe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>With the nuclear phase-out, Germany has closed one chapter of its energy policy \u2013 and at the same time opened the opportunity to start a new one: the era of nuclear fusion. While an intense global competition has erupted over technologies, talent and investment for the first commercial fusion power plant, Germany has an advantage that is unique in this form: its former nuclear power plant sites, which can be transformed into key platforms for integrating fusion energy. <\/p><p>Fusion technologies \u2013 whether laser fusion or magnetic fusion \u2013 are, despite impressive progress, still at an early stage of development. They are associated with technological risks, require major investments, and must operate in markets that are only just emerging. Private companies alone can only shoulder these requirements to a limited extent. This is why the German Federal Government is focusing on the establishment of specialised fusion hubs as catalysts for laser and magnetic fusion, as well as fuel cycle and materials development. The aim is to pool the excellent research landscape, innovative start-ups, and industry in strong networks in order to accelerate the path to power plant operation.    <\/p><p><a class=\"storyLink\" title=\"Editorial Issue 4\/2026\" href=\"#editorial526\">[more&#8230;]<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ec9c3e5\" data-id=\"ec9c3e5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fcd1a2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"fcd1a2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a 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class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-angle-double-right\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">In our Online Shop you can order individual issues.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-66476c3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"66476c3\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;9d64f73&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_tablet&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_mobile&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_speed&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:50,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_type&quot;:&quot;scroll&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_direction&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_fx_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_z_index&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_animation_prop&quot;:&quot;transform&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_on&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;]}]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4ead41a\" data-id=\"4ead41a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-49eb80b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"49eb80b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">World Nuclear Outlook Report: Global nuclear capacity to 2050<br \/>Ambition, feasibility, and the conditions for delivery\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ccaf1eb elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ccaf1eb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Jonathan Cobb<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c5e2f19 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c5e2f19\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The World Nuclear Outlook Report, published by World Nuclear Association, assesses whether national nuclear energy ambitions are sufficient to meet global decarbonization, energy security, and electricity demand objectives through mid-century. Its central conclusion is striking: national government targets, taken together, have the ambition to more than triple global nuclear capacity by 2050, exceeding the goal established under the Declaration to Triple Nuclear Energy agreed at COP28, and now supported by more than 30 governments worldwide. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4b0a68f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4b0a68f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">The use and expansion of nuclear energy in the Czech Republic: the only way to achieve strategic energy policy goals<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-40b534f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"40b534f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Tom\u00e1\u0161 Ehler<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-750119a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"750119a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nuclear energy is indispensable in the Czech Republic for achieving the strategic objectives of energy policy (and the associated commitments), namely security of supply and stability, cost-effectiveness, and sustainability. It accounts for approximately 40 % of electricity generation and is a key component of the country\u2018s energy supply. This conclusion is supported by a broad expert consensus within the country. Given the long-term nature of the relevant investments, continuity and coherence in energy policy direction are of central importance. Currently, the development of nuclear energy is supported by 77 % of the adult population, representing an increase compared to previous years.   <\/p><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.vgbe.energy\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/vgbe-ej-2026-05-020-023-EHLER-QHD-RGB-VGBE-DOC-1132-PROMO-1134.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Download [1.0 MB]<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b4e3c33 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b4e3c33\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">District heating and process heat \u2013 approaches to producing affordable, reliably available carbon-free heat\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-566b9c5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"566b9c5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Bernhard Leidinger<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4000e09 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4000e09\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Previous efforts towards decarbonisation have focused on electricity generation, building energy and mobility. Process heat has presumably been neglected up to now because there were no affordable technical solutions that could guarantee a reliable supply of heat at the required temperature levels. New heat exchanger concepts are suitable for the supply of district heating and process heat, both for low temperature ranges up to approx. 150 \u00b0C and for process heat up to around 1,000 \u00b0C.  <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4016483 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4016483\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Nuclear power plants worldwide: Compact statistic 2025<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3738bbb elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3738bbb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Editorial\n<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c8c46f3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c8c46f3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tAt the end of 2025, 414 nuclear power plants were in operation in 31 countries worldwide. This figure represents a decrease of 4 compared with the same date the previous year. Three nuclear power plant units commenced operation for the first time, whilst 7 units were decommissioned. Installed and available nuclear power capacity stood at 402 GWe gross and 379 GWe net. Construction began on 12 new nuclear power plant projects. 68 plants with a total capacity of 76 GWe gross and 71 GWe net were under construction in 17 countries. In addition, around 200 nuclear power plant units in 30 countries worldwide are in the planning stage.      \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff0695f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ff0695f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Komati power station repurposing and repowering: impact of site constraints on renewable energy development<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-999d408 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"999d408\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Viren Heera<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9309e66 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9309e66\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The decommissioning of aging coal-fired power plants presents both a challenge and an opportunity for energy systems undergoing decarbonisation. The Komati Power Station in South Africa represents one of the first large-scale initiatives to repurpose and repower a retired coal facility into a clean energy hub. This paper presents the development process of the repowering component, focusing on Solar Photovoltaic (PV), Wind Energy, Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS), and Synchronous Condenser conversion.  <\/p><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.vgbe.energy\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/vgbe-ej-2026-05-048-053-HEERA-QHD-RGB-VGBE-DOC-1132-PROMO-1134.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Download [1.0 MB]<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d5c5ddd elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d5c5ddd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Repurposing coal-fired power for power grid stability using surplus renewable energy\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8de5aad elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8de5aad\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Fumihiko Yoshiba, Hiroyuki Hamada, Yuji Hanai and Isamu Watanabe\n<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c518ad4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c518ad4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The role of a coal-fired power plant is repurposed from energy supply to the provision of power grid stability when large amounts of intermittent renewable energy are integrated into the power grid. Surplus renewable electricity is supplied to an auxiliary electric boiler to generate the steam required to keep a synchronized generator and steam turbine connected to the grid. Under this operating condition, the boiler receives no fuel and is maintained in a hot-banking state. The synchronized generator contributes to grid stability by providing inertia, reactive power, and short-circuit current without consuming any fuel.   <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d3b71a5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d3b71a5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Optimisation of maintenance of power plant production assets equipped with carbon units in the last phase of operation\n\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eeb8dfc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"eeb8dfc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Jerzy Trzeszczy\u0144ski, Ewa Trzeszczy\u0144ska and Rados\u0142aw Stanek<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32d4dfa elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"32d4dfa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In the final phase of coal-fired power units\u2018 operation, flexibility and availability will be their most desirable features, while maintenance costs will determine their suitability for users. To create the conditions for meeting both requirements, we have developed a methodology for improving the flexibility of 200MW power units and implemented remote systems for online diagnostic monitoring, including LTDSA. Systems are currently being implemented to identify risks associated with flexible operation and share Pro Novum\u2018s knowledge and experience.  <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6a0b7bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6a0b7bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Assessment of the long-term behaviour of Grade 92\n\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-804af4d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"804af4d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Mirko Bader, Patrick Kozlowski, Annett Udoh, Micheal Schwienheer and Gerhard Maier\n<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1bef86c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1bef86c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tThe Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) currently classifies Grade 92 as having \u201ecreep intolerance\u201c based on the lambda parameter. This applies not only to this heat-resistant martensitic material, but also to all materials in this material family with the exception of Grade 91 Type 2. When implementing the ASME regulations, this classification leads to significantly increased safety factors depending on the geometry of the component and thus to increased wall thicknesses. An extended working group was formed via the vgbe to asses this topic. The observations and evaluations are an important contribution to enabling energy security for the coming years and to continuing to use this material for new construction projects. Based on the initial results, it became clear that the use of lambda for assessing ductility is not effective. However, the overall overview of creep-resistant CSEF grades also shows that the ductility assessment is relevant in practice for components subjected to long-term stress and that further investigations are urgently needed to enable a broader knowledge base and method for the service life management of these components over the next twenty years. Especially when current plants are operating in an end-of-life scenario and generation gaps in the energy supply are conceivable, it is essential to ensure plant availability.     \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f64fddc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f64fddc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">KISSY: Insights from the new technical benchmark of run-of-river hydropower plants\n\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7fc07c8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7fc07c8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Olegs Linkevics, Andrea Luzio, Stefan Prost and Stefano Santini\n<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a5ce450 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a5ce450\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The article presents the development of a technical benchmarking framework for run-of-river (RoR) hydropower plants within the KISSY database, a long-established system used by vgbe to analyse power plant performance e.g. availability and unavailability. Until recently, KISSY focused mainly on thermal, pumped-storage, and storage hydropower plants. The initiative extends benchmarking capabilities to RoR plants, which are highly relevant in Europe, contributing significantly to hydropower capacity and generation.  <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-624de88 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"624de88\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Global LNG disruption threatens to undermine EU gas storage resilience\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44eab87 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"44eab87\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">GECF Gas Exporting Countries Forum\n<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-23fcb5c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"23fcb5c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tAmid escalating conflict in the Middle East, the blockade of the Strait of Hormuz has stranded over 7 Mt of LNG per month, triggering a severe supply deficit across regional gas markets. In this context, the strategic role of gas storage, particularly underground gas storage (UGS), has immediately evolved from a market balancing instrument into a critical pillar of energy security.  \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-769b69b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"769b69b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Forum Technology: Fan replacement stabilises CO2 supply\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2375b8d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2375b8d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tAir Liquide\u2019s liquefaction plant in Wittenberg has taken a decisive step towards securing the regional and national CO2 supply with the installation of a new fan in November 2025. As a central hub for eastern Germany, it processes tens of thousands of tonnes of carbon dioxide annually. The technological upgrade has not only further increased process reliability but also significantly improved production efficiency \u2013 a critical factor given the high market demands.  \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cc87c85 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"cc87c85\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-35887ae elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-stretched bg-energyfield-fixed neutral elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-items-middle\" data-id=\"35887ae\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[],&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f82d8f\" data-id=\"6f82d8f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aab35a9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"aab35a9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"editorial526\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-b1ff5a5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b1ff5a5\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;_id&quot;:&quot;e5cb45c&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_tablet&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_image_mobile&quot;:{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_speed&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:50,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;jet_parallax_layout_type&quot;:&quot;scroll&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_direction&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_fx_direction&quot;:null,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_z_index&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_x_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y&quot;:50,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_y_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_tablet&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_bg_size_mobile&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_animation_prop&quot;:&quot;transform&quot;,&quot;jet_parallax_layout_on&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;]}]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-4432373\" data-id=\"4432373\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-6bb11a4\" data-id=\"6bb11a4\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c6b8a17 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c6b8a17\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Editorial<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-474a030\" data-id=\"474a030\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2c13f6b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2c13f6b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-wider\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0e450ab\" data-id=\"0e450ab\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2952cd5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"2952cd5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.vgbe.energy\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/LEFHEIM-ro0t0pougiyk6rdcfko65r1p3b1q189lhx1mx5xim8.jpg\" title=\"LEFHEIM\" alt=\"LEFHEIM\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bc02786 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bc02786\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Dr Cord-Henrich Lefhalm<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5e297b7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5e297b7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Head of Future Topics<br \/>RWE Nuclear GmbH<br \/>Essen, Germany<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a7176a0\" data-id=\"a7176a0\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-404c6a9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"404c6a9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Nuclear power plants as pioneers for Germany\u2019s first fusion power plant<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9b0aaf5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9b0aaf5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Dear readers of the vgbe energy journal,<\/p><p>With the nuclear phase-out, Germany has closed one chapter of its energy policy \u2013 and at the same time opened the opportunity to start a new one: the era of nuclear fusion. While an intense global competition has erupted over technologies, talent and investment for the first commercial fusion power plant, Germany has an advantage that is unique in this form: its former nuclear power plant sites, which can be transformed into key platforms for integrating fusion energy. <\/p><p>Fusion technologies \u2013 whether laser fusion or magnetic fusion \u2013 are, despite impressive progress, still at an early stage of development. They are associated with technological risks, require major investments, and must operate in markets that are only just emerging. Private companies alone can only shoulder these requirements to a limited extent. This is why the German Federal Government is focusing on the establishment of specialised fusion hubs as catalysts for laser and magnetic fusion, as well as fuel cycle and materials development. The aim is to pool the excellent research landscape, innovative start-ups, and industry in strong networks in order to accelerate the path to power plant operation.    <\/p><p>This is precisely where the former nuclear power plant sites come into play. They offer fully developed sites with high\u2011capacity grid connections, transportation links and established cooling water supplies \u2013 resources that elsewhere would first have to be created at considerable financial and time expense. The reuse of this infrastructure allows substantial cost and time advantages compared with building on a greenfield site and gives Germany an important edge in the global innovation race.  <\/p><p>But it is not just about concrete, cables, and cooling water pipes. A decisive added value lies in the existing know-how: Over decades, operators and workforces have built up extensive experience in handling radioactive materials, implementing radiation protection requirements, and operating radiation controlled areas. This knowledge is directly relevant for the development and later operation of fusion power plants. It facilitates the translation of regulatory requirements into practice and reduces risks in the construction and operation of demonstration facilities. In addition, it offers attractive future prospects for qualified staff, thereby preserving and further developing high-quality jobs in the regions.    <\/p><p>Repurposing former nuclear power plants as fusion campus sites also creates new momentum for regional development. Many of these sites were important economic drivers for decades. If they now become innovation centres for potentially future high\u2011tech \u2013 with links to universities, research institutions and internationally active companies \u2013 they can once again become engines of structural change. Campus concepts, such as those established to promote German university excellence clusters, illustrate the potential of such hubs as places where research, infrastructure and industrial partners are closely interlinked both spatially and organisationally.   <\/p><p>Speed is another important factor. Developing new sites would be associated with lengthy nuclear regulatory procedures and high upfront investments. At existing sites, fusion demonstration facilities can be realised comparatively quickly under radiation protection law. This not only strengthens Germany\u2019s technological sovereignty, but also increases its attractiveness for international partners and investors who look for reliable framework conditions and swift implementation.   <\/p><p>The reuse of today\u2019s decommissioning sites is also a contribution to sustainability. Instead of sealing new land and building additional infrastructure, existing industrial sites that have been in operation for decades are being transitioned into future\u2011oriented uses. This creates a unique opportunity: the nuclear phase\u2011out becomes a bridge from fission to fusion energy. In doing so, the plants will continue to be decommissioned, in line with legal obligations, until a handover\u2011ready decommissioning state is reached. This forms the basis for transferring the sites to new operating structures in accordance with radiation protection law and making them suitable for fusion energy.    <\/p><p>Germany has set itself the ambitious goal of building the world\u2019s first fusion power plant. To achieve this goal, we must combine technological excellence with smart site policy. The former nuclear power plant sites offer a nearly ideal starting point for this \u2013 technically, organisationally and socially. If we succeed in consistently using them as platforms for fusion hubs, the history of nuclear energy can become a central building block of tomorrow\u2019s energy production.   <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Repurposing and second use<br \/>\nNuclear energy<br \/>\nWorld Nuclear Outlook Report: Global nuclear capacity to 2050<br \/>\nUse and expansion of nuclear energy in the Czech Republic<br \/>\nKomati power station repurposing and repowering<br \/>\nNuclear power: Compact statistic 2025<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":36694,"template":"","class_list":["post-36710","pt-journal","type-pt-journal","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vgbe.energy\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pt-journal\/36710","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vgbe.energy\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pt-journal"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vgbe.energy\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/pt-journal"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.vgbe.energy\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pt-journal\/36710\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":36713,"href":"https:\/\/www.vgbe.energy\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pt-journal\/36710\/revisions\/36713"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vgbe.energy\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/36694"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vgbe.energy\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=36710"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}